By many measures, a neonatal intensive care unit, or NICU, with single-family rooms produces better results than one with a shared, open-bay arrangement, a new study has found.
Researchers tracked outcomes in an open-bay NICU for 18 months before the unit was moved to a new single-family room facility. Then they tracked successive admissions to the new facility and compared them with the open-bay NICU results.
There were no differences between the 151 infants in either type of intensive care unit in terms of gestational age at birth, race or maternal educational status or ethnicity. But the study, published in Pediatrics, found significant differences in medical outcomes.
Infants in the single-family rooms weighed more at discharge and gained weight more rapidly. They needed fewer medical procedures, had increased attention, less stress, less lethargy and less pain.
"In a room, you have privacy, the lighting you want, nurses who work one-on-one with the moms. It's relaxed, it's calm," said the lead author, Barry M. Lester, director of the Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk at Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island. "There's more maternal involvement than in the open bay and more maternal involvement leads to better behavioral and medical outcomes."
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