Oral garlic supplements are a popular remedy for vaginal yeast infections, but a randomized trial has found them ineffective.
Australian researchers randomly assigned 59 women, ages 18 to 50, with vaginal swab cultures positive for Candida, a fungus that commonly causes vaginal infections, to receive either three 350-milligram garlic tablets or placebos twice a day for 14 days. Neither the patients nor the study's authors knew which women took the garlic and which took the inactive pill.
The researchers controlled for age, education level, smoking, allergies, sexual activity and other variables, and they found no difference between the two groups in the number of women still infected at the end of the two-week period.
The authors of the study, published online in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, acknowledged that their sample size was fairly small, and that a longer study involving more participants, or using higher doses, might have shown different results.
Some women use garlic topically, but the lead author, Cathy J. Watson, said topical use has never been proved effective either.
"In the lab, garlic is a potent antifungal, and women want natural alternatives," said Dr. Watson, a researcher at the University of Melbourne and a nurse practitioner at the Royal Women's Hospital. "If you want to try it, it probably can't hurt. But at the moment there's no evidence that garlic helps."
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, simple cases of vaginal candidiasis should be treated with one of several over-the-counter antifungal creams, suppositories or pills, usually for less than two weeks. Recurrent or severe cases may require a longer course of treatment or the use of prescription fungicides.
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