Spare the rod and spoil the child? A new study suggests that the opposite may be true: spanking could increase the risk of bad behavior.
Using a nationally representative sample, researchers interviewed 1,933 parents when their children were 3 years old and again at 5, asking whether and how often they were spanked. More than half of the mothers and a third of the fathers had spanked their children, with the frequency declining slightly by age 5.
Then the scientists tested the children at age 9, using more than 50 questions to assess aggression and rule-breaking. They also tested vocabulary. The report was published Monday in Pediatrics.
After controlling for numerous variables — a child's age and birth weight, aggression and vocabulary skills at younger ages, family income and race, among many others — the researchers found that maternal spanking at age 5 was significantly associated with greater aggression and rule-breaking and lower scores on the vocabulary test at age 9.
"Spanking does make the kid stop," said the lead author, Michael J. MacKenzie, an associate professor at the Columbia School of Social Work. "It gives the immediate feedback that it's working. But the goal is to have kids regulate themselves over time. And in that, spanking fails."
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